Css Module 68

 Module 68 : Css advanced practices and project-based approaches. 

1. Advanced Layout Techniques

CSS Grid (areas, implicit vs explicit)

Flexbox deep dive (alignments, wrapping, ordering)

Multi-column layouts

Example:

Build a Magazine-Style Blog Layout

Header, multi-column article layout, sidebar, and responsive footer.

Exercise:

Create a responsive pricing table using CSS Grid and Flexbox.

Objective: Design a 3-column responsive grid layout for a portfolio site.

Use grid-template-areas for layout.

Flexbox for navbar and footer.

Explanation:

Grid handles the main layout. Flexbox is better suited for linear components like navbars.  understand when to use each.

2. Responsive Design and Media Queries

Media queries: breakpoints best practices

Relative units: rem, em, vh, vw

Fluid typography

Mobile-first design

Example:

Responsive Landing Page

Banner, hero section, and call-to-action.

Exercise:

Convert a desktop site into a fully responsive mobile-friendly design.

Objective: Build a portfolio landing page that adapts to mobile, tablet, and desktop sizes using media queries.

Explanation:

 analyze breakpoints and test across devices. They use min-width to build a mobile-first layout and implement fluid containers and scalable fonts.

3. CSS Variables and Maintainable Code

CSS custom properties (variables)

Scoping variables

Theming with variables

Example:

Dark and Light Mode Switcher

Theme toggles using CSS variables.

Exercise:

Create a color palette using CSS variables and apply it site-wide.

Objective: Build a theme system with light and dark modes using CSS variables.

Explanation:

define variables in :root and override them in [data-theme="dark"]. scalable and DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself) CSS design.

4. CSS Animations and Transitions

Transitions on hover/focus

Keyframe animations

CSS animations vs JS animations

Animation performance tips

Example:

Animated Navigation Menu

Slide-in menu, hover effects.

Exercise:

Create a bouncing loading animation using @keyframes.

Objective: Animate a card flip effect on hover using only CSS.

Explanation:

understand transform, perspective, and how to trigger transitions. Encourages performance-friendly UI animations without JavaScript.

5. Organization and Methodologies

BEM (Block Element Modifier)

OOCSS (Object-Oriented CSS)

SMACSS basics

Using Preprocessors like SCSS for organization

Example:

Refactor a messy CSS file using BEM naming and SCSS nesting.

Exercise:

Convert a large CSS file into SCSS using partials and imports.

Objective: Build a dashboard UI using BEM and organize files with SCSS .

Explanation:

 learn how BEM provides structure and clarity, and how SCSS code for scalability in large applications.

6. Performance and Accessibility in CSS

Reducing unused CSS

Minification and combining files

Accessible color contrast and font size

Responsive media with object-fit, picture, and srcset

 Example:

Optimize a website’s CSS and test it with Lighthouse.

Exercise:

Use tools like Purge CSS to clean unused styles.

Objective: Audit a page for performance and accessibility using browser dev tools and implement improvements.

Explanation:

 analyze how bloated CSS affects performance and accessibility. They optimize and test improvements with measurable results.

7. Capstone Project: Interactive Web Component

 Description:

Build an Interactive Dashboard UI featuring:

Responsive layout (Grid + Flexbox)

Dark/Light theme toggle using CSS variables

Animated widgets (cards, graphs)

Organized using BEM and SCSS

Steps:

Design UI wireframes.

Build layout with Grid and Flexbox.

Add animations for hover/transition states.

Implement theming and organization techniques.

Optimize and audit with tools.

Evaluation Criteria:

Code readability and structure

Mobile responsiveness

Visual appeal and animation use

Performance optimization

Accessibility compliance

Tools & Resources:

CodePen / StackBlitz for quick labs

VS Code with Live Server

SCSS preprocessor

Chrome DevTools for auditing

Lighthouse, Axe, and PurifyCSS